Karl Marx in the preface to his "A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy" (1859):1. In the social production of their existence, men inevitably enter into definite relations, which are independent of their will, namely relations of production appropriate to a given stage in the development of their
material forces of production.
2. The totality of these relations of production constitutes the
economic structure of society, the real
foundation, on which arises a legal and
political superstructure and to which correspond definite forms of
social consciousness.
3. The
mode of production of material life conditions the general process of
social,
political and
intellectual life.
4. It is not the consciousness of men that determines their existence, but their social
existence that determines their
consciousness.
5. The
changes in the economic foundation lead sooner or later to the
transformation of the whole immense
superstructure.
6. In broad outline, the
tribal,
ancient,
feudal and
capitalist modes of production may be designated as epochs marking progress in the economic development of society.
See "Technology, Economy, Politics, Culture" (T-E-P-C)